October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month. According to breastcancer.org, 1 in 8 US women will develop invasive breast cancer during her lifetime. As with most cancers and diseases, early detection is key. A proactive treatment plan to kick cancer to the curb should include maintaining good oral health.
Oral Health Side Effects
Cancer treatment such as chemotherapy and radiation can take a toll on one’s entire body, including the mouth!
Infection: Chemotherapy weakens the immune system by lowering red and white blood cell and platelet counts. This puts patients at higher risk for infection. On the flipside, any preexisting oral infections such as abscesses, cavities, and gum disease can worsen from cancer treatment. If a patient is suffering from reoccurring oral infections, the doctor can prescribe antibiotic, antiviral, or antifungal medications to help minimize potential complications.
Oral Mucositis: The oral cavity contains rapidly diving cells. For healthy people, those cells are continuously shed and replicated. Chemotherapy not only kills bad (cancerous) cells but also good cells. Undergoing treatment makes it harder for the cells to replicate, which can lead to thinning of the oral tissues. When this happens, you are at risk for developing ulcerations. This condition is known as oral mucositis, which is the inflammation of the mucosa (soft lining in the mouth). It’s a common side effect of treatment that’s extremely painful and can make eating and swallowing difficult.
Xerostomia: Another common side effect of treatment affecting the mouth is xerostomia (aka “dry mouth”). Chemotherapy can decrease saliva flow. A reduction in saliva dries out the mouth and can lead to cracked lips, hoarseness, and issues with eating and talking. Dry mouth can also increase the risk of tooth decay since saliva works as a natural cleanser by keeping the mouth moist.
The Red Flag – Gum Disease
Recent research shows an increased risk for breast cancer in women who suffer from gum disease. The Oral Health Foundation (dentalhealth.org) discussed a study published in Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. The study involved more than 200 women, separated into two groups - those with breast cancer and those with no history or signs of the disease. Findings showed those who suffered from periodontitis (severe gum disease), had two to three times higher odds of developing breast cancer.
According to the Oral Health Foundation, researchers believe the systemic effects of gum disease such a widespread inflammation throughout the body and bacteria from the mouth could affect breast tissue.
Treating Your Mouth Right During Treatment
One of the first things you should do before undergoing cancer treatment like chemotherapy and radiation is schedule an appointment with your dentist. A routine cleaning and exam can prepare your mouth as well as detect any problems that should be addressed before treatment. Knowing your baseline is important. Perhaps you need some fillings, or a tooth extraction. It’s better to get it done before starting treatment if possible.
Here are some tips for keeping your mouth healthy during treatment:
- Abstain from alcohol and tobacco
- Avoid alcoholic mouthwash
- Brush 2-3 times daily
- Drink fluids to reduce dry mouth
- Eat a healthy diet low in sugar
- Floss regularly – watch for bleeding gums
- Rinse with warm salt water to soothe ulcers
- Use a soft toothbrush and sensitive toothpaste
If you have any questions or concerns regarding cancer treatment and oral health, call us at 954-344-4488, or complete an online appointment request to schedule your consultation.